Article III. They are then to ground their arms, and return to their encampments, where they will remain until they are despatched to the places of their destination. They are likewise to return to their encampments until they can be finally marched off. Article IV. Officers are to retain their side-arms. Both officers and soldiers to keep their private property of every kind; and no part of their baggage or papers to be at any time subject to search or inspection.
The baggage and papers of officers and soldiers taken during the siege to be likewise preserved for them. It is understood that any property obviously belonging to the inhabitants of these States, in the possession of the garrison, shall be subject to be reclaimed. Article V. The soldiers to be kept in Virginia, Maryland, or Pennsylvania, and as much by regiments as possible, and supplied with the same rations of provisions as are allowed to soldiers in the service of America.
A field-officer from each nation, to wit, British, Anspach, and Hessian, and other officers on parole, in the proportion of one to fifty men to be allowed to reside near their respective regiments, to visit them frequently, and be witnesses of their treatment; and that their officers may receive and deliver clothing and other necessaries for them, for which passports are to be granted when applied for. Article VI. The general, staff, and other officers not employed as mentioned in the above articles, and who choose it, to be permitted to go on parole to Europe, to New York, or to any other American maritime posts at present in the possession of the British forces, at their own option; and proper vessels to be granted by the Count de Grasse to carry them under flags of truce to New York within ten days from this date, if possible, and they to reside in a district to be agreed upon hereafter, until they embark.
The officers of the civil department of the army and navy to be included in this article. Passports to go by land to be granted to those to whom vessels cannot be furnished. Article VII. Officers to be allowed to keep soldiers as servants, according to the common practice of the service. A second major bone of contention for the British involved the treatment of loyalists.
As if to instruct posterity as to where this victory was really achieved, Washington added a short paragraph at the end: "Done in the trenches before York, October 19th, This print, an lithograph, depicts the surrender at Yorktown.
The print shows a defeated Lord Cornwallis surrendering his sword to General Washington. This transaction, however, was not the one that actually took place. Though Cornwallis did not really present his sword to Washington at the surrender, this print captures, if not a true moment, a patriotic feeling forged by the end of Revolutionary hostilities and the birth of a new nation from the ashes of war.
Read the introduction and the transcript. A comparison of the transcript with the handwritten image may be interesting. Lord Cornwallis was one of the most capable British generals of the American Revolution. After conducting a series of raids against towns and plantations in Virginia, Cornwallis settled in the tidewater town of Yorktown in August.
The British immediately began fortifying the town and the adjacent promontory of Gloucester Point across the York River. Washington and Rochambeau made plans to attack Cornwallis with the assistance of a large French fleet under the Count de Grasse, and on August 21 they crossed the Hudson River to march south to Yorktown. Covering miles in 15 days, the allied force reached the head of Chesapeake Bay in early September. Meanwhile, a British fleet under Admiral Thomas Graves failed to break French naval superiority at the Battle of Virginia Capes on September 5, denying Cornwallis his expected reinforcements.
De Grasse landed another 3, French troops carried by his fleet. A large British fleet carrying 7, men set out to rescue Cornwallis, but it was too late. On October 19, General Cornwallis surrendered 7, officers and men, seamen, cannons, 15 galleys, a frigate, and 30 transport ships. Although the war persisted on the high seas and in other theaters, the Patriot victory at Yorktown effectively ended fighting in the American colonies.
Peace negotiations began in , and on September 3, , the Treaty of Paris was signed, formally recognizing the United States as a free and independent nation after eight years of war. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! The largest-ever one-day percentage decline in the Dow Jones Industrial Average comes not in but on October 19, As a number of unrelated events conspired to tank global markets, the Dow dropped points—
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